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Housing and political polarization: the main concerns of 2025.
Throughout 2025, Spaniards’ concerns have evolved, marked by the persistence of some central issues and the loss of relevance of others.
Housing has consolidated its position as the main national problem, mentioned by 36% of citizens in January and reaching 37% in September, placing it at the center of social debate. Close behind is political polarization, which has grown significantly during the year, rising from 26% at the beginning of 2025 to 34% in September, reflecting an increasingly fragmented political climate. The economic situation ranks third, with 24% of mentions remaining stable throughout the year. In fourth place is corruption, which shows a sharp decline from 26% to 20%, while unemployment increases its relative weight and reaches 17% of responses.
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Stable immigration (14-16%) and healthcare and insecurity in the background (<10%)
At intermediate levels are immigration, which remains constant at around 14-16%, and other issues such as healthcare and public insecurity, which do not exceed 10%. Issues such as inequality, the environment, and territorial conflicts barely exceed 2% or 3%, showing that they have lost importance in citizens’ priorities. In short, housing, political polarization, and the economy are consolidating their position as the main challenges to be faced in Spain in 2025, while corruption and other traditional problems are receding in social perception.
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Politics in crisis: 80% rate it as bad or very bad.
As for the assessment of the overall situation, the political perception is clearly negative: nearly 80% of the population considers the current political situation to be bad or very bad, confirming the discontent and distrust towards institutions.
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Economy with nuances: 35% perceive it as fair and 22% as good or very good.
The economy, however, is perceived in a more nuanced way. Although optimism does not predominate, 35% of Spaniards rate it as fair and 22% rate it as good or very good, reflecting a more balanced and less pessimistic view than in the political sphere.
Technical specifications
Universe and geographical scope: National scope: General population over 18 years of age with the right to vote.
Information collection procedure: Computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI).
Sample size: 1,001 telephone interviews.
Quotas: By gender, age, and geographical area based on the electoral roll (INE).
Questionnaire: Prepared by GAD3 and validated by the client.
Sampling error: ±3.2% (n=1,001) for a confidence level of 95.5% (two sigmas) and in the most unfavorable hypothesis of P=Q=0.5 in the case of simple random sampling.
Duration of the interview: Approximately 4 minutes.
Fieldwork dates: September 5-11, 2025.
